Usefulness, Reliability, Quality, and Content of Portuguese Language YouTube Videos on COVID-19

Abstract Objective: To investigate the usefulness, reliability, quality, and content of Portuguese-language YouTube videos on COVID-19. Material and Methods: Three keywords selected on Google Trends were searched on YouTube, and the 60 first videos listed with each term were analyzed. Two calibrated researchers evaluated the reliability (DISCERN Modified Scale), the quality (Global Quality Score - GQS), and the usefulness of videos for the users (COVID-19 Specific Score - CSS). The number of views, likes, and engagement were also analyzed. The data were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation (α=5%). Results: 59 videos were included. The average scores of quality, reliability, and usefulness were 3.0 (±1.1), 3.2 (± 0.8), and 1.5 (± 0.9), respectively. Two-thirds of the videos (64.4%) had low/moderate quality, and the majority (76.2%) were about signs and symptoms. The numbers of views (p=0.005), likes (p=0.006), and engagement (p=0.014) were significantly higher in moderate/good quality videos. The number of comments (p=0.007), duration of videos (p=0.004), and the DISCERN score (p<0.001) were significantly higher in videos made by health professionals. The general quality of the videos was positively correlated to the CSS scores, number of views, likes, and engagement (p<0.05). Conclusion: Most videos had moderate quality and reliability and low usefulness for the users.

The utility of mobile telephone-recorded videos as adjuncts to the diagnosis of seizures and paroxysmal events in children with suspected epileptic seizures

Background. Epilepsy is often diagnosed through clinical description, but inter-observer interpretations can be diverse and misleading. Objective. To assess the utility of smartphone videos in the diagnosis of paediatric epilepsy.Methods. The literature was reviewed for evidence to support the use of smartphone videos, inclusive of advantages, ethical practice and potential disadvantages. An existing adult-based quality of video (QOV) scoring tool was adapted for use in children. A pilot study used convenience sampling of videos from 25 patients, which were reviewed to assess the viability of the adapted QOV tool against the subsequent diagnosis for the patients with videos. The referral mechanism of the videos was reviewed for the source and consent processes followed. Results. A total of 14 studies were identified. Methodologies varied; only three focused on videos of children, and QOV was formally scored in three. Studies found that smartphone videos of good quality assisted the differentiation of epilepsy from non-epileptic events, especially with accompanying history and with more experienced clinicians. The ethics and risks of circulation of smartphone videos were briefly considered in a minority of the reports. The pilot study found that the adapted QOV tool correlated with videos of moderate and high quality and subsequent diagnostic closure.Conclusions. Data relating to the role of smartphone video of events in children is lacking, especially from low- and middle-income settings. Guidelines for caregivers to acquire good-quality videos are not part of routine practice. The ethical implications of transfer of sensitive material have not been adequately addressed for this group. Prospective multicentre studies are needed to formally assess the viability of the adapted QOV tool for paediatric videos.

Videoconferencias para residentes de Histología en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus / Videoconferences to Histology residents at the Sancti Spíritus University of Medical Sciences

Fundamento: No se conoce cómo aceptan los residentes de Histología la inclusión de un sistema de videoconferencias sobre la estructura microscópica del cuerpo humano en su estrategia de autoaprendizaje. Objetivo: Explorar en profundidad la experiencia de los residentes de Histología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus que utilizaron un sistema de videoconferencias para su formación profesional. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo en el que se realizó una entrevista a profundidad con los especialistas y residentes de Histología que han utilizado el sistema de videoconferencias en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus. Se transcribieron las entrevistas, se codificaron y se seleccionaron los principales temas abordados. Resultados: Se entrevistaron 5 usuarios del sistema de videoconferencias; de la entrevista surgieron 5 temas: 1) Como los residentes insertan las videoconferencias en su estrategia de autoaprendizaje, 2) Preferencia de las videoconferencias sobre los libros de texto, 3) Aciertos y desaciertos de las videoconferencias, 4) ¿Qué aportan las videoconferencias a la formación del residente, ventajas y desventajas? y 5) Sugerencias para mejorar las videoconferencias. Conclusiones: Un sistema de videoconferencias sobre la estructura microscópica del cuerpo humano puede ocupar un papel protagónico en la estrategia de aprendizaje de residentes de Histología. La preferencia que muestran los residentes por las videoconferencias sobre otros medios didácticos puede estar asociada a la capacidad de la multimedia para disminuir la carga cognitiva y facilitar el aprendizaje cuando se siguen los principios de Mayer al elaborar estos medios. La presencia de imágenes digitales en estas videoconferencias fue clave para su aceptación.

Background: It is not known how Histology residents accept the inclusion of a videoconferencing system on the microscopic structure of the human body in their self-learning strategy. Objective: To explore to depth the experience of Histology residents at the Sancti Spíritus University of Medical Sciences who used a videoconferencing system for their professional training. Methodology: Qualitative study with in-depth interview was conducted with Histology specialists and residents who have used the videoconferencing system at the Sancti Spíritus University of Medical Sciences. The interviews were transcribed, coded and the main topics addressed were selected. Results: 5 users of the videoconferencing system were interviewed; 5 themes emerged from the interview: 1) How residents insert videoconferences into their self-learning strategy, 2) Preference for videoconferences over textbooks, 3) Successes and failures of videoconferences, 4) What do videoconferences contribute to the training of the resident, advantages and disadvantages?, 5) Suggestions to improve videoconferences. Conclusions: A videoconferencing system on the microscopic structure of the human body can play a leading role in the learning strategy of Histology residents. The preference shown by residents for videoconferencing over other teaching media may be associated with the ability of multimedia to reduce cognitive load and facilitate learning when Mayer's principles are followed to developing these media. The presence of digital images in these videoconferences was essential to their acceptance.

Planificación quirúrgica de colgajo faríngeo a medida para insuficiencia velofaríngea secundaria a fisura de paladar: reporte de caso y revisión de literatura / Surgical planning of a tailor-made pharyngeal flap for velopharyngeal insufficiency secondary to a cleft palate: case report and literature review

Resumen La insuficiencia velofaríngea (IVF) es una de las principales secuelas estructurales tras la palatoplastía primaria en casos de fisura de paladar. La IVF se caracteriza por la ausencia de tejido suficiente para lograr un cierre adecuado del mecanismo velofaríngeo durante el habla, lo que conlleva a una resonancia hipernasal y la emisión nasal de aire durante la producción de sonidos orales. Al respecto, el tratamiento ideal para corregir la IVF es quirúrgico, dentro de los cuales el colgajo faríngeo de pedículo superior es uno de los procedimientos más utilizados en nuestro país. Para su realización es fundamental determinar el ancho necesario, lo cual puede ser determinado mediante una videofluoroscopía multiplano (VFMP). Por esto, con el objetivo de potenciar el trabajo multidisciplinario en la corrección quirúrgica de la IVF, a continuación, se presentan los procedimientos de evaluación fonoaudiológica, videonasofaríngoscopía flexible y videofluoroscopía multiplano utilizados para la planificación quirúrgica de un colgajo faríngeo en un adolescente chileno diagnosticado con IVF secundaria a fisura palatina operada. Además, se describe el uso de la VFMP en la planificación quirúrgica del colgajo faríngeo mediante una revisión de literatura.

Abstract Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is one of the main structural sequelae after primary palatoplasty in cases of cleft palate. VPI is characterized by the absence of sufficient tissue to achieve adequate closure of the velopharyngeal mechanism (VFM) generating hyper-nasal resonance and nasal emission during the production of oral sounds. In cases of cleft palate, the ideal treatment to correct VPI is surgery. The upper pedicle pharyngeal flap is one of the most widely used procedures. To plan it, is essential to determine the appropriate width, which can be determined by means of multiplane videofluoroscopy (MPVF). For this reason, and with the aim of promoting multidisciplinary approach in the surgical correction of VPI, the following procedures such as speech and language evaluation, flexible videonasopharyngoscopy and multiplane videofluoroscopy used for the surgical planning of a pharyngeal flap, in a Chilean adolescent diagnosed with VPI secondary to operated cleft palate, will be presented. In addition, the use of MPVF in pharyngeal flap surgical planning is described through a literature review.

Effect of prematurity and temperament on the mother-infant interaction / Efeito da prematuridade e temperamento na interação mãe-bebê / Efecto de la prematurez y el temperamento en la interacción madre-bebé

Abstract We evaluated the effect of prematurity and the infant's temperament on the mother-infant behaviors in the Face-to-Face Still-Face Paradigm (FFSF). The study included 75 mothers and their infants (37 preterm and 38 term) between three and four months of age (corrected age for preterm infants). The mothers responded to a perception scale of the infants' temperament and the dyads were observed in a structured condition (FFSF). The FFSF Paradigm, divided into three episodes, made it possible to analyze the behaviors of: Positive Social Orientation, Negative Social Orientation and Self-comfort. The averages recorded for these categories were analyzed in a Multivariate ANOVA (factors: prematurity and temperament). Temperament had more effect on maternal and infant behaviors, suggesting that this factor may influence mother-infant interaction. The results can guide possible interventions with families. (AU)

Resumo Buscou-se avaliar o efeito da prematuridade e do tipo de temperamento do bebê sobre a interação mãe-bebê por meio do Paradigma do Face-to-Face Still-Face (FFSF). Participaram do estudo 75 mães e seus bebês (37 pré-termo e 38 a termo), entre três a quatro meses de vida (idade corrigida para bebês pré-termo). As mães responderam a uma escala de percepção do temperamento dos bebês e as díades foram filmadas em condição estruturada (FFSF). A filmagem, dividida em três episódios, possibilitou a análise de comportamentos de: Orientação Social Positiva, Orientação Social Negativa e Autoconforto. As médias registradas para essas categorias foram submetidas à Anova Multivariada (fatores: prematuridade e temperamento). O temperamento apresentou mais efeito sobre os comportamentos maternos e dos bebês, sugerindo que esse fator pode influenciar a interação diádica. Os resultados podem nortear possíveis intervenções junto às famílias.(AU)

Resumen Se buscó evaluar el efecto de la prematuridad y el tipo de temperamento del bebé en la interacción madre-bebé a través del Paradigma Face-to-Face Still-Face (FFSF). En el estudio participaron 75 madres y sus bebés (37 prematuros y 38 a término), con edades comprendidas entre los tres y los cuatro meses (edad corregida para bebés prematuros). Las madres respondieron a una escala de percepción del temperamento de los bebés y las díadas fueron filmadas en una condición estructurada (FFSF). El rodaje, dividido en tres episodios, permitió analizar los comportamientos de: Orientación Social Positiva, Orientación Social Negativa y Autoconfort. Los promedios registrados para estas categorías fueron sometidos al ANOVA Multivariado (factores: prematuridad y temperamento). El temperamento tuvo más efecto en los comportamientos maternos e infantiles, lo que sugiere que este factor puede influir en la interacción diádica. Los resultados pueden orientar posibles intervenciones con las familias. (AU)

Challenges in developmental psychology research during the COVID-19 pandemic / Desafios da pesquisa em psicologia do desenvolvimento durante a pandemia da COVID-19 / Desafíos de la investigación en psicología del desarrollo durante la pandemia de COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic brought a series of restructurings necessary for research in Developmental Psychology. The aim of the manuscript is to discuss adaptations we made in our research in this context during the COVID-19 pandemic and to present strategies to adequate research protocols originally designed to occur in person. Although some contexts do not allow the continuity of studies, research at this time can bring essential contributions in this extreme period. This article explores the strategies for adapting recruitment procedures, suggesting dissemination platforms, and using social networks for this purpose. Guidelines are suggested for conducting non-face-to-face interviews with caregivers, ways of assessing the interaction of the mother-child pairs, and problematizing ethical issues. The procedures for returning the results, an ethical researcher commitment, may be improved by resources such as automatic reports. Besides, strategies for better dissemination of the results for the participants are suggested. (AU)

A pandemia COVID-19 trouxe uma série de reestruturações necessárias à pesquisa em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as adaptações que realizamos em pesquisas neste contexto durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e apresentar estratégias para adequação de protocolos de pesquisa originalmente planejados para ocorrer de forma presencial. Embora alguns contextos não permitam a continuidade dos estudos, pesquisas nesse momento podem trazer importantes contribuições sobre este período ímpar. No presente artigo são exploradas estratégias de adaptação dos procedimentos de recrutamento, sugeridas plataformas de divulgação e como melhor usar as redes sociais para esse fim. Também são descritos procedimentos para realização de entrevistas não presenciais com responsáveis, formas de avaliação da interação das duplas mãe-criança e problematizadas questões éticas. Os procedimentos de devolução dos resultados, um compromisso ético dos pesquisadores, podem ser facilitados por recursos como relatórios automáticos. Além disso, sugerimos estratégias para melhor divulgação dos resultados ao público participante. (AU)

La pandemia del COVID-19 trajo una serie de reestructuraciones necesarias para la investigación en Psicología del Desarrollo. El objetivo de este artículo es discutir las adaptaciones realizadas en las investigaciones en este contexto durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y presentar algunas estrategias para la adaptación de los protocolos de investigación originalmente planeados para ser presenciales. Si bien algunos contextos no permitan la continuidad de los estudios, la investigación en este momento puede aportar importantes avances sobre estos tiempos de crisis. Este artículo explora las estrategias para adaptar los procedimientos de contratación, sugiriendo algunas plataformas de difusión y la mejor manera de utilizar las redes sociales para este fin. También se describen los procedimientos para la realización de entrevistas no presenciales con padres o tutores legales, las formas de evaluar la interacción madre-hijo y las cuestiones éticas. Los procedimientos para la devolución de los resultados, un compromiso ético de los investigadores, pueden verse facilitados por funciones como informes automáticos. Además, se recomienda estrategias para una mejor difusión de los resultados al público participante. (AU)

Effects of open board lecture videos on anatomy / Efectos de los videos de conferencias de tablero abierto sobre anatomía

SUMMARY: COVID-19 has forced anatomists to perform non-face-to-face education using lecture videos. A Korean anatomist has given (white and black) board lectures and distributed lecture videos to the public for many years. This study was to verify the effects of open board lecture videos in the anatomy field. A questionnaire survey was carried out with the help of medical students who were exposed to the board lecture videos. The video provider uploaded the lecture videos on YouTube, where the viewing numbers were counted. At a medical school where the video provider belonged, the students mainly watched the lecture videos before the anatomy class. The watching hours of the lecture videos were related to the written examination scores. Students gave positive and negative comments on the board lectures. At the other two medical schools, students partly watched the lecture videos regardless of the teacher who delivered the lectures. The results suggested that students understood the board lectures themselves. On YouTube, the lecture videos were viewed by approximately 1,000 students. This paper introduces the desirable aspects of open board lecture videos on anatomy. The videos could enhance the quality of both students and teacher.

RESUMEN: COVID-19 ha obligado a los anatomistas a realizar una enseñanza no presencial mediante videos de conferencias. Un anatomista coreano ha impartido conferencias (en blanco y negro) y ha distribuido videos de conferencias al público durante muchos años. El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar los efectos de los videos de conferencias de pizarra abierta en el campo de la anatomía. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta con la ayuda de estudiantes de medicina que habían sido expuestos a los videos de conferencias de la pizarra. El proveedor de videos subió los videos de las conferencias a YouTube, donde se contabilizó el número de visualizaciones. En una facultad de medicina a la que pertenecía el proveedor de videos, los estudiantes vieron principalmente los videos de conferencias antes de la clase de anatomía. Las horas de revisión de los vídeos de las conferencias se relacionaron con las puntuaciones de los exámenes escritos. Los estudiantes dieron comentarios positivos y negativos sobre las conferencias de la pizarra. En las otras dos facultades de medicina, los estudiantes vieron parcialmente los videos de las clases, independientemente del profesor que las impartiera. Los resultados sugerían que los estudiantes entendieron las conferencias de la pizarra por sí mismos. En YouTube, los videos de las conferencias fueron vistos por aproximadamente 1000 estudiantes. Este artículo presenta los aspectos deseables de los videos de conferencias abiertas sobre anatomía. Los videos podrían mejorar la calidad tanto de los estudiantes como del profesor.

Perfis artísticos em dança: os casos de Lac e Les Poupées / Perfiles artísticos en la danza: los casos de Lac y Les Poupées / Artistic profiles in dance: the cases of Lac and Les Poupées

Este estudo tem por objeto a descrição de traços presentes em perfis artísticos em dança que reconhecemos por sua estabilidade e persistência. Toma como primeira investidura os casos de Lac (Sandro Borelli) e Les Poupées (Marta Soares). Com o modelo do Big Five - os cinco grandes fatores da personalidade - é possível o recorte de grupos de gestos e movimentos, comportamento não verbal, os que persistem como ação e reação, os quais são receptivos e reativos à própria ação, os insistentes a olho nu. Fazemos uso da observação e, consequentemente, interpretação a partir de gravação em DVDs em sistema de forward and rewind - avançar e retroceder - e freeze, o congelar das imagens de gravações em vídeo. Os perfis em arte são habitualmente estudados em acordo com o grau de aproximação e afastamento de um determinado fator da personalidade do artista e não como motivo independente no produto artístico. (AU)

Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir las características que configuran los perfiles artísticos en danza con los que reconocemos su estabilidad y persistencia a lo largo de la producción escénica de un determinado artista. Toma a Lac (Sandro Borelli) y Les Poupées (Marta Soares) como su primera investidura. Con el modelo Big Five, los cinco factores principales de la personalidad, es posible cortar grupos de gestos y movimientos, aquellos que persisten como acción y reacción, qué tan receptivos y reactivos a la acción misma, lo insistente a simple vista. Los perfiles de arte se estudian de acuerdo con el grado de aproximación y distancia de un determinado factor en la personalidad del artista. No parece haber ningún interés en entender el producto artístico como algo para ganar un perfil como un motivo independiente de la personalidad del artista. (AU)

This study aims to describe the features present in artistic profiles in dance which we recognize for their stability and persistence. It takes as his first investiture the cases of Lac (Sandro Borelli) and Les Poupées (Marta Soares). With the Big Five model - the five great personality factors - it is possible to cut out groups of gestures and movements, non-verbal behavior, those that persist as action and reaction, how receptive and reactive they are to the action itself, the insistent ones to the naked eye. We make use of observation and, consequently, interpretation based on recording on DVDs in a forward and rewind system - forward and backward - and freeze, the freezing of the images of video recordings. Profiles in art are usually studied according to the degree of approximation and distance from a certain factor of the artist's personality and not as an independent motive in the artistic product. (AU)

Abordaje intraoral con asistencia endoscópica para las fracturas de cóndilo mandibular: descripción de una serie de casos / Intraoral approach with endoscopic assistance for mandibular condyle fractures: a case series

Objetivo: Describir una serie de casos de fracturas de cóndilo mandibular resueltas por abordaje intraoral y asistencia video-endoscópica. Casos clínicos: Se presentan 3 casos de pacientes con fracturas de cóndilo mandibular unilateral. Dos casos presen- tan un segundo trazo de fractura parasinfisiaria asociada. El tratamiento realizado fue la reducción abierta y la fijación in- terna de todas las fracturas por abordaje oral. Se realizaron controles clínicos y tomográficos mediatos y a distancia (AU)

Aim: To present the experience with a series of cases re- solved by an intraoral approach and video-endoscopic assis- tance for the management of mandibular condyle fractures. Clinical cases: Three cases of patients with unilater- al mandibular condyle fractures are presented. Two of the cases presented a second line of associated parasymphyseal fracture. The treatment performed was open reduction and internal fixation of all fractures by oral approach. Mid-term and long-term clinical and tomographic follow-ups were per- formed, with favorable results (AU)

Simulación de intubación pediátrica con videolaringoscopio de bajo costo en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19 / Simulation of pediatric intubation using a low-cost videolaryngoscope in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic

En pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2 la intubación endotraqueal es un procedimiento con riesgo elevado de contagio. La videolaringoscopia complementa la protección del profesional, pero los videolaringoscopios comerciales son caros y no siempre están disponibles en las terapias intensivas pediátricas argentinas. El objetivo fue describir la práctica de intubación en un modelo de cabeza de simulación de lactante con un videolaringoscopio artesanal de bajo costo.Quince pediatras sin experiencia previa con el dispositivo participaron de una práctica de intubación en una cabeza de simulación con un videolaringoscopio artesanal. El tiempo promedio del primer intento fue de 116,4 segundos (intervalo de confianza del 95 % [IC95 %]: 84,8-148,0) y, el del siguiente fue de 44,2 segundos (IC95 %: 27,7­60,6). El tiempo disminuyó de forma significativa en el segundo intento (p : 0,0001). El dispositivo permitió la intubación exitosa en todos los intentos acortando la duración del procedimiento en la segunda práctica

In patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, endotracheal intubation is a procedure with a high risk for transmission. A videolaryngoscopy is a supplementary level of health care provider protection, but commercial videolaryngoscopes are expensive and not always available in pediatric intensive care units in Argentina. Our objective was to describe intubation practice using an infant head mannequin with a low-cost, handcrafted videolaryngoscope.Fifteen pediatricians with no prior experience using the device participated in an intubation practice in a head mannequin with a handcrafted videolaryngoscope. The average time for the first attempt was 116.4 seconds (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 84.8-148.0) and, for the second one, 44.2 seconds (95 % CI: 27.7-60.6). Time decreased significantly for the second attempt (p: 0.0001).A successful intubation was achieved with the device in all attempts, and the procedure duration decreased with the second practice

Application of 3d analysis technology of vision system image in sports medicine / Aplicação da tecnologia de análise 3d de imagens do sistema de visão na medicina esportiva / Aplicación de la tecnología de análisis 3d de la imagen del sistema de visión en medicina deportiva

ABSTRACT Background: Objective: The study of sports biomechanics in sports medicine usually requires a special image analysis system (software) to obtain 3D kinematics data. Taking the swimming project in sports medicine as an example, 3D water images in water have always been relatively complicated and difficult. As light travels in different media, it will refract and reflect. When testing underwater movements, if only a land camera or an underwater camera is used for testing, the error caused by light refraction will be larger, which will affect the accuracy of the test data even more. Methods: Taking breaststroke movement as an example, a three-dimensional measurement method based on the Kwon3D movement analysis system is introduced. This method is different from the simple underwater camera test. It is a three-dimensional test method combining a land camera and an underwater camera. Two underwater cameras and two land cameras were used to simultaneously calibrate the water and underwater space with the same calibration frame in the experiment after analyzing and verifying the accuracy of 3D reconstruction. Results: The comprehensive reconstruction error is small, and the average relative error is less than 1%. Conclusions: The application of three-dimensional image analysis technology of vision systems in sports medicine is reasonable and worth promoting. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Antecedente: Objetivo: O estudo da biomecânica do esporte na medicina esportiva geralmente requer o uso de um sistema especial de análise de imagens (software) para a obtenção de dados cinemáticos 3D. Tomando o projeto de natação na medicina esportiva como exemplo, a análise de imagens 3D da água na água sempre foi um teste relativamente complicado e difícil. À medida que a luz viaja em diferentes meios, ela refratará e refletirá. Ao testar movimentos subaquáticos, se apenas uma câmera terrestre ou subaquática for usada para o teste, o erro causado pela refração da luz será maior, o que afetará a precisão dos dados de teste ainda mais. Métodos: Tomando o movimento de nado peito como exemplo, um método de medição tridimensional baseado no sistema de análise de movimento Kwon3D é introduzido. Este método é diferente do teste simples de câmera subaquática. É um método de teste tridimensional que combina uma câmera terrestre e uma câmera subaquática. No experimento, duas câmeras subaquáticas e duas câmeras terrestres foram usadas para calibrar simultaneamente a água e o espaço subaquático com o mesmo quadro de calibração. Depois de analisar e verificar a precisão da reconstrução 3D. Resultados: O erro de reconstrução abrangente é pequeno e o erro relativo médio é inferior a 1% Conclusões: A aplicação da tecnologia de análise de imagem tridimensional do sistema de visão na medicina esportiva é razoável e vale a pena promover. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos- investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Antecedente: Objetivo: El estudio de la biomecánica del deporte en la medicina deportiva generalmente requiere el uso de un sistema de análisis de imágenes especial (software) para obtener datos de cinemática 3D. Tomando como ejemplo el proyecto de natación en medicina deportiva, el análisis de imágenes de agua en 3D en el agua siempre ha sido una prueba relativamente complicada y difícil. A medida que la luz viaja en diferentes medios, se refractará y reflejará. Al probar los movimientos bajo el agua, si solo se utiliza una cámara terrestre o una cámara submarina para realizar la prueba, el error causado por la refracción de la luz será mayor, lo que afectará aún más la precisión de los datos de la prueba. Métodos: tomando como ejemplo el movimiento de la brazada, se introduce un método de medición tridimensional basado en el sistema de análisis de movimiento Kwon3D. Este método es diferente de la simple prueba de cámara subacuática. Es un método de prueba tridimensional que combina una cámara terrestre y una cámara submarina. En el experimento, se utilizaron dos cámaras submarinas y dos cámaras terrestres para calibrar simultáneamente el agua y el espacio submarino con el mismo marco de calibración. Después de analizar y verificar la precisión de la reconstrucción 3D. Resultados: el error de reconstrucción integral es pequeño y el error relativo promedio es inferior al 1%. Conclusiones: La aplicación de la tecnología de análisis de imágenes tridimensionales del sistema de visión en la medicina deportiva es razonable y vale la pena promoverla. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos- investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

High speed digital videolaringoscopy: evaluation of vocal nodules and cysts in women / Videolaringoscopia digital de alta velocidade: avaliação de nódulos e cistos de pregas vocais de mulheres

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate and compare the parameters of Digital kymography obtained through the High-speed Videolaryngoscopy of women without laryngeal disorders, of women with vocal fold nodules and of women with vocal cysts. Methods A cross-sectional observational study in which 60 women aged 18 years and 45 years were selected. Three study groups were formed: 20 women without laryngeal disorder forming the control group (Group 1), 20 women with diagnosis of vocal fold nodules forming Group 2 and 20 women with diagnosis of vocal cysts forming Group 3. Subsequently the participants were evaluated by High-speed Videolaryngoscopy for analysis and comparison of laryngeal images using Digital kymography. The laryngeal parameters processed by the program KIPS® were: minimum, maximum and mean opening; dominant amplitude of the left and right vocal folds; dominant frequency of the right and left vocal folds; and close. Results The analysis of Digital kymography suggests that the presence of the vocal fold nodules and the vocal cysts tend to restrict more to the maximum and minimum opening of the vocal fold and the dominant amplitude of the opening variation in the middle region of the glottis. Conclusion Digital kymography parameters were similar in the presence of vocal fold nodules and vocal cysts lesions.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar e comparar os parâmetros da videoquimografia digital obtidos pela videolaringoscopia de alta velocidade de mulheres sem alterações laríngeas, de mulheres com nódulos de prega vocal e de mulheres com cistos vocais. Método Estudo observacional transversal, no qual foram selecionadas 60 mulheres com idade entre 18 e 45 anos. Três grupos foram formados: 20 mulheres sem alterações laríngeas formando o grupo controle (Grupo 1), 20 mulheres com diagnóstico de nódulos nas pregas vocais formando o Grupo 2 e 20 mulheres com diagnóstico de cistos vocais formando o Grupo 3. Posteriormente, os participantes foram avaliados por Videolaringoscopia de alta velocidade para análise e comparação de imagens da laringe usando videoquimografia digital. Os parâmetros videoquimográficos avaliados pelo programa KIPS® foram: aberturas mínima, máxima e média; amplitudes da prega vocal direita e esquerda; frequências da abertura da prega vocal direita e esquerda; e fechamento. Resultados A análise da videoquimografia digital sugere que a presença dos nódulos e dos cistos de pregas vocais tendem a restringir a abertura máxima e média da prega vocal e a amplitude dominante da variação de abertura na região média da glote. Conclusão Os parâmetros da videoquimografia digital foram semelhantes na presença de nódulos nas pregas vocais e lesões de cistos vocais.

Laringoscopio híbrido: Una opción de costo razonable para el abordaje de la vía aérea difícil. Reporte de un caso / Hybrid laryngoscope: A reasonable option cost for approaching the airway difficulty. A case report

The laryngoscope is a primary tool that every medical professional who performs in airway care should know how to use. Although it's an irreplaceable tool, in the last decade have been considered transformations and modifications in them that have allowed the medical professional, especially the anesthesiologist to perform successfully for critical management especially in the context of unanticipated difficult airway, because most of the time the only available resource at hand is the laryngoscope and a malleable stylet that guides the orotracheal. The new technological age of visual instruments such as video cameras and photographs many of these with small sizes, has been used in the manufacture of video laryngoscopes that today are used, which have managed to approach the aerea in a minimally traumatic way and also safeguard lives. Our hydrid video laryngoscope is a handcrafted tool made of high-quality elements, strength, durability and low cost.

El laringoscopio es una herramienta primordial que todo profesional médico que se desempeña en la atención de la vía aérea debería saber utilizar. Pese a ser un dispositivo insustituible, en la última década se han considerado transformaciones y modificaciones en los mismos que le han permitido al profesional de la medicina, fundamentalmente al anestesiólogo, desempeñarse exitosamente durante el manejo crítico especialmente en el contexto de vía aérea difícil no anticipada, en el que la mayoría de las veces el único recurso disponible a la mano es el laringoscopio y un estilete maleable que sirve de guía para dirigir la sonda orotraqueal. La nueva era tecnológica de los instrumentos visuales como cámaras de video y fotografía, (muchos de estos con tamaños reducidos) han sido empleados en la fabricación de videolaringoscopios que hoy en día se utilizan y que han logrado abordar la vía aérea de manera mínimamente traumática, así mismo, salvaguardar vidas. Nuestro videolaringoscopio híbrido es una herramienta artesanal fabricada con elementos de alta calidad, resistencia, durabilidad y bajo costo.

YouTube™ and oral lichen planus: an appraisal of the educational quality of information

Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the quality of videos on oral lichen planus (OLP) available in YouTube™. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted by searching the video sharing platform YouTube™. Videos aimed at clarifying the etiological and clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prognosis of OLP were included. A total of 481 videos were retrieved and 37 were included in the study according to the selection criteria established. Most of the videos evaluated (86.5%; n = 32) were produced by independent users. The average reliability was 1.8 and quality assessment classified only three videos (8.1%) as having good/excellent quality. A significant correlation was observed between the length of the video analyzed and its quality and reliability (p < 0.05), as well as between the reliability and usefulness of the video (p = 0.03). YouTube™ has become a leading source of information for the general population. However, a significant number of these videos have a low quality. Students, professionals, and healthcare providers must be more actively involved in providing clear, accurate, and reliable evidence-based information in an accessible language in order to enable significant improvement in patient care delivery.

Contents related to nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic on the Youtube™ platform / Contenido relacionado conlosprofesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia COVID-19 enla plataforma Youtube™ / Conteúdos relacionados a profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19 na plataforma Youtube™

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize the content of Youtube™ videos related to nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: a qualitative study that examined 47 videos on Youtube™ posted between 11/03 and 11/04 2020, which were subjected to thematic analysis. Results: four categories emerged: "the role of nurses in care production during the pandemic", which addresses the management of services and individual care; "Overview of the pandemic from the perspective of nurses in different countries", presenting experiences and encouraging physical distance; "Tributes and motivation to mobilize the category", in addition to targeted tributes, calls for nurses to claim their rights; "Criticisms and demands to improve working conditions", which highlights the insecurity of care provision settings. Final considerations: nursing work conditions in different countries, recognition of the importance of professionals during the pandemic, and claims of the category to improve working conditions were the main content found on Youtube™.

RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar el contenido de losvideos de Youtube ™ relacionados com los profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: um estudio cualitativo examinó 47 videos en YouTube ™ publicados entre el 03/11 y el 04/11 2020, que fueron sometidos a análisis temático. Resultados: surgieron cuatro categorías: "Protagonismo del enfermero em laproducción de cuidados durante la pandemia", que aborda lagestión de losservicios y laatención individual; "Panorama de la pandemia desde la perspectiva de enfermeras en diferentes países", presentando experiencias y fomentando la distancia física; "Homenajes y motivación para movilizar lacategoría", además de homenajes focalizados, llama a las enfermeras a reclamar sus derechos; "Críticas y demandas por lamejora de las condiciones laborales", mostrando los escenarios de inseguridad en la prestación de cuidados. Consideraciones finales: condiciones laborales de enfermería en diferentes países, reconocimiento a la importancia de los profesionales durante la pandemia y demandas de la categoría para mejorarlas condiciones laborales fueron los principales contenidos encontrados en Youtube™.

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar os conteúdos dos vídeos do Youtube™ relacionados aos profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudo qualitativo examinou 47 vídeos no YouTube™ postados entre 11/03 e 11/04 de 2020, os quais foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: emergiram quatro categorias: "Protagonismo das enfermeiras na produção do cuidado durante a pandemia", que aborda a gestão dos serviços e o cuidado individual; "Panorama da pandemia na perspectiva das enfermeiras em diferentes países", apresentando experiências e estimulando o distanciamento físico; "Homenagens e motivação para mobilização da categoria", além de homenagens dirigidas traz convocatória para enfermeiras reivindicarem seus direitos; "Críticas e reivindicações para melhoria das condições de trabalho", evidenciando a insegurança dos cenários de prestação de cuidados. Considerações finais: condições de trabalho de enfermagem em diferentes países, reconhecimento da importância das profissionais durante a pandemiae reivindicações da categoria para melhorar condições de trabalho foram os principais conteúdos encontrados no Youtube™.

Pela inclusão do vídeo na psicanálise: espelho, espelho meu, que olhos grandes você tem! / Por la inclusión del video en el psicoanálisis: espejito, espejito, qué ojos tan grandes tienes! / For the inclusion of video in psychoanalysis: mirror, mirror, on the wall, what big eyes you have! / Pour l'inclusion de la vidéo dans la psychanalyse: petite miroir, petit miroir, comme tu as de grands yeux!

Fundamentamos a função especular do vídeo na clínica psicanalítica infantil, especialmente no autismo, retomando os conceitos de alienação e ilusão. Em Lacan, o especular compreende uma imagem antecipada, oferecida pelo Outro, na qual o bebê se reconhece. Entretanto, essa cena alienante sugere um impasse, representado fabularmente pela rainha e branca de neve: que espelho oferece uma mãe considerando senão a própria beleza, incapaz de reconhecer a beleza própria da filha? Em Winnicott, uma ilusão ocorre no espelho: quando vê seu bebê, a mãe supõe existir de fato algo ali próprio a ele (não a ela). Tal ilusão ocorreria no vídeo: as filmagens dos atendimentos parecem capturar fatos que supomos concernirem à realidade da criança; após revisão do material, tomados pela ilusão, reconhecemo-lhe pequenas produções, mesmo a olho nu

Fundamentamos la función especular del vídeo en la clínica psicoanalítica infantil, especialmente en el autismo, volviendo a conceptos como alienación y ilusión. En Lacan, la especularidad comprende una imagen anticipada, ofrecida por el Otro, en la cual el bebé reconocese. Sin embargo, esta escena alienante sugiere un obstáculo, representado por la reina y Blancanieves: ¿qué espejo podría ofrecer una madre, considerando solo su propia belleza, incapaz de reconocer la propia belleza de su hija? En Winnicott, una ilusión ocurre en el espejo: cuando la madre ve al bebé, supone reconocer algo proprio en él. Tal ilusión ocurre en el video: las imágenes de las sesiones parecen hechos concernentes a la realidad del niño; después de revisar el video, atrapados en ilusión, reconocemos sus pequeñas producciones, incluso a simple vista

We ground the specular function of video in psychoanalytical children`s clinic, especially in autism, returning to concepts of alienation and illusion. In Lacan, specularity comprises an anticipated image, offered by the Other, through which the baby recognizes itself. However, this alienating scene suggests an obstacle, represented in fairy tales by the queen and snow white: what mirror could a mother offer, considering only her own beauty, unable to recognize her daughter's own beauty? In Winnicott, an illusion occurs in mirroring: when a mother sees her baby, she supposes to recognize something there proper to the baby (not to her). Such illusion occurs in video: sessions' footage look like facts concerning to children's reality; after video reviewing, caught in illusion, we recognize their small productions, even to naked eyes

Nous basons la fonction spéculaire de la vidéo dans la clinique psychanalytique infantile, en particulier chez l'autisme, en revenant aux concepts d'aliénation et d'illusion. Chez Lacan, le spécularité comporte une image anticipée, offerte par l'Autre, dans laquelle le bébé se reconnaît. Cependant, cette scène aliénante suggère une impasse, représentée par la reine et blanche-neige: quel miroir une mère offre-t-elle, ne considérant que sa propre beauté, incapable de reconnaître la beauté de sa fille? Chez Winnicott, une illusion s'arrive dans le miroir: quand la mère voit son bébé, ele croit reconnaître quelque chose de propre en lui. Cette illusion s'arrive dans la vidéo: les images des séances semblent des faits concernant la réalité des enfants; après revu la vidéo, pris par l'illusion, on reconnaît leurs petites productions, même à l'œil un

Using Video Recording in Evaluating Skills of Medical Students in the Performance of the Orthopedic Examination

@#OBJECTIVE: The study aims to assess the similarity between the results of the evaluation of students during an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and a video recording of the same OSCE (VOSCE). METHODS: All Orthopedic surgeon preceptors in the actual OSCE were recruited to the study. Video recordings of the students taking the OSCE were collected and later reviewed and re-evaluated by the same preceptor after at least four weeks. The grades of actual OSCE and VOSCE were collected and analyzed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. RESULTS: High variability of intra-rater reliability was observed in different preceptors and station (slight agreement to perfect agreement). Overall intra-rater reliability between actual and video OSCE showed moderate agreement with Cohen’s kappa coefficient equal to 0.43 (n-219). CONCLUSION: Video OSCE is a reliable tool in assessing student clinical skills and knowledge in the musculoskeletal examination. Some factors have been suggested to further improve reliability.

Development of a program to prevent sexual violence among teens in Japan: education using DVD video teaching materials and web-based learning

BACKGROUND@#This study aimed to develop an education system using DVD video-based teaching materials or web-based learning to reduce sexual violence among teens in Japan.@*METHODS@#During the first stage, June 2018 to March 2019, an education program using DVD video teaching materials was carried out at three high schools and four universities with research consent from the director of the facility. From 1337 high school students and first- and second-year university students, subjects in their teen years were targeted for analysis. A survey was conducted at baseline and after the DVD video teaching. During the second stage, November 2019 to March 2020, web-based learning using improved video teaching materials was developed and carried out. From the adolescents who participated in the web-based learning, subjects in their teen years were targeted for analysis. A survey was conducted at baseline and after the web-based learning.@*RESULTS@#In the first stage, 876 students consented to and participated in the education using DVD video teaching materials and baseline and after surveys (collection rate 65.5%). Among these, the number of respondents in their teens both baseline and after education was 705 persons (valid response rate 80.4%). In the second stage, the number of respondents in their teens both baseline and after education was 250 respondents in their teens who received web-based learning using the improved video teaching materials (valid response rate 87.1%). The improvement effect of the two programs was observed in attitudes that lead to physical violence, attitudes that lead to mental violence, attitudes that promote healthy conflict resolution, and dangerous attitudes that lead to sexual violence from persons in the community or through the Internet. The web-based learning program achieved an improvement of preventive attitudes toward sexual violence.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The education program using DVD video teaching materials or web-based learning may help prevent sexual violence among teens in Japan.